Early Learning Project
Materials such as rocks can be important additions to a preschool’s outdoor play area. Such open-ended items are sometimes called “loose parts.” When children play with loose parts, they can gain fine- and gross-motor skills. They can also apply some of the principles of art, science, and engineering. (See Illinois Early Learning Benchmarks 11.A.ECa, 11.B.ECa, 11.B.ECb, 12.D.EC, 19.A.ECa, 19.A.ECb, and 25.A.ECd.)
About thisTip Sheet
Invite children to study rocks as they play.
- Set up a special space with stones of different shapes, sizes, and weights. You might ask families or businesses (garden centers, building supply stores, or contractors) to donate some rocks to your program.
- Encourage safety and respect for others’ work by inviting children to help make rules for using rocks on the playground.
- Ask questions that invite children to investigate: “Do you think any of the rocks will float on water?” “Which do you think is heavier—this bucket of rocks or that bucket of sand?” “Do you think that wet rocks will stick together like wet sand does?”
- Suggest that families send “work clothes” for children to wear when they play with rocks.
Encourage children to build with the rocks.
- Show the class photographs of Illinois rock formations such as those at Garden of the Gods. Share nonfiction books, builders’ magazines, Web sites, and videos about ways people have used rocks to build or to make art.
- Invite children to plan their own rock formations, structures, and artistic designs. What do they want to make or build? Which rocks will they use? Do they want to add some other materials such as sand, sticks, leaves, or snow?
- Let children try to make their designs or structures on different surfaces—sand, mulch, and boards. Challenge them to build on ramps or uneven surfaces.
- Offer sturdy buckets, trowels, shovels, and wheel toys for moving the rocks. You might also include a heavy-duty spring scale or balance scale. Add lengths of plastic gutter that children can use as “slides” for rocks or gravel.
Talk about what the children do with rocks.
- Invite children to report on their rock play during class meetings.
- Introduce words such as symmetry, balance, stack, base, collapse, and support to help children describe what they have done and what they have made.
- Ask children to sketch and photograph what they have done with rocks. Make a book or bulletin board display of the photos and drawings. Include some of their comments about what they did.
To find activities that can be adapted in order to help preschoolers learn about rocks, please visit these Web sites:
- Loose Parts: What Does This Mean?
http://betterkidcare.psu.edu/TIPS/Tips1107.pdf -
Rock On: Creating Rock Gardens with Young Children
http://betterkidcare.psu.edu/TIPS/Tips1005.pdf -
Andy Goldsworthy Digital Catalog Volume 1 (Andy Goldsworthy often uses rock in his sculptures.)
http://www.goldsworthy.cc.gla.ac.uk - Investigating Rocks and Sand: Addressing Multiple Learning Styles through an Inquiry-Based Approach
http://www.naeyc.org/files/yc/file/200903/BTJSchmidt_Ogu_Expanded.pdf
The following activity can be modified for preschoolers: - Engineering and the Three Little Pigs
http://www.teachengineering.org/view_activity.php?url=http://www.teach engineering.org/collection/cub_/activities/cub_earth/cub_earth_lesson1_activity1.xm
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